、 sCD27、sCD30、sCD44在畑L和RA的診斷和風險評估中已經被用作標志物[25,32,56]。重要的 是,運些活化標志物中沒有一種是僅在活化的B細胞上表達的,運是因為它們還與外周中的 其他免疫細胞類型有關。因此,TSPAN33代表可W用作設及B細胞活化的疾病的診斷工具的B 細胞特異性活化標志物。在淋己瘤和自身免疫性疾病運兩者中使用TSPAN33表達作為潛在 的預后生物標志物的可能性值得進一步研究[57-59]。
[0192] TSPAN33作為針對惡性B細胞的治療性mAb的祀標
[0193] 除了使用TSPAN33作為B細胞活化標志物之外,TSPAN33還是四旋蛋白家族的第33 個成員(TSPAN33),并且因此是跨膜蛋白。運使得TSPAN33成為用于產生抗TSPAN33 HiAbW實 現治療目的的合適的候選物。CD20是現在歸屬于跨膜結構域4超家族(MS4A1)的密切相關的 蛋白,是用于產生治療性單克隆抗體的重要祀標的實例,所述治療性單克隆抗體已經被證 實有效治療B細胞惡性腫瘤,如NHU慢性淋己細胞性白血病(OX) W及某些自身免疫性疾 病,包括RA[51-52,60]。然而,由于CD20在休止的B細胞和活化的B細胞運兩者上表達,因此 抗CD20 mAb療法會引起外周血液中所有的B細胞W及骨髓中70%的B細胞耗竭[25,36,61]。 因此,對限于活化的B細胞的B細胞標志物(如TSPAN33)的鑒定可W代表用于研發治療B細胞 相關病變的"第二代"mAb的一種替代性策略[32]。其他四旋蛋白(CD151)正在作為可能的治 療性抗體祀標而被研究[62]。我們的數據強烈地表明抗TSPAN33治療性mAb將具有避免所治 療的患者體內大多數的休止B細胞耗竭的重要優勢。
[0194] TSPAN33表達的其他部位
[019引TSPAN33先前被報道為Penumbra(原成紅細胞nu膜),運是因為它最初被鑒定為在 骨髓中的小紅細胞祖細胞群體中表達的分子[14]。鑒于運種表達模式,它被描述成在造血 中起作用。Tspan33^/-小鼠已有所描述[14]并且它們中的一些在3個月大時產生異常的紅細 胞。獲得性純紅細胞再生障礙性貧血是人類的一種相關的病況,其中患者缺少成紅細胞并 且根據病因,可能是自限性的[63]。運些觀測結果表明在人類中暫時抑制TSPAN33可能有受 限的或可管理的副作用。
[0196] 在使用抗TSPAN33 mAb作為人類治療劑時另一可能的并發癥是它在腎臟中的表 達。然而,它在那里的表達模式表明運將不構成顯著的障礙,運是因為Tspan33不在腎小球 中表達(圖8B),而相反由近曲小管和遠曲小管中的上皮細胞表達(圖8B-8C)。通常由于尺寸 排阻而阻止抗體到達運些部位,運是因為只有更小分子量的蛋白質(如白蛋白(約67 KD)或 血紅蛋白(約68 KD))可滲透穿過腎小球屏障[64]。在腎臟的上皮細胞的頂面和顆粒中觀測 到TSPAN33蛋白質的表達并且運些細胞設及分泌和吸收小蛋白質、離子、W及有機溶質(葡 萄糖和氨基酸),運表明TSPAN33在尿液濾過期間可能參與囊泡運輸和/或信號轉導[12]。此 夕h已經報道,腎臟上皮細胞對基于生物的細胞毒性劑無感受性并且腎細胞癌還對ADCC(抗 體依賴性細胞毒性)具有抗性[6引。最終,已經報道,Tspan33-/-小鼠是可存活的并且能繁殖 的[14],運表明Tspan33的不存在對腎臟功能造成有限的生理影響。
[0197] Tspan33在B細胞活化中的功能
[0198] 盡管Tspan33在B細胞中的功能當前是未知的,但是在B細胞活化后Tspan33表達被 強烈地誘導則有力地表明它可能設及B細胞信號轉導/活化(即CD9和CD81)、成熟/存活(即 CD37)、或抗原呈遞(即CD63),運是因為其他B細胞表達的四旋蛋白已知參與運些過程[66-69]。
[0199] 總結
[0200] 我們得出的結論是TSPAN33代表活化和惡性B細胞的一種潛在重要的生物標志物 W及研發用于治療多種類型的B細胞淋己瘤(DLB化、BL、化)W及與病原性B細胞相關的顯示 出活化B細胞表型的一些自身免疫性疾病(SLE和RA)的治療性mAb的潛在祀標。
[0201 ] 實施例5
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